The Electric Arc Furnace EAF The Blast Furnace BFplants were built for the production of large amounts of steel The beginning of a melting metallurgical process is composed of the reduction of iron ore In the BF Cast Iron is produced and after that by blowing oxygen in the converter it is turned into the steel
Mar 07 2016nbsp018332nucor americas largest steel producer has made its fortune by popularizing the eaf process at a time when scrap steel making became more effective than the bof processes of the very integrated firms in the late 20th century warrian 602 the diagram below describes the eaf process acp srl how do the two processes stack up
Dec 01 2018nbsp018332in the latter the basic concept is to use a hydrogen direct reduction hdr process to produce direct reduced iron dri which is then converted to steel in an electric arc furnace eaf there is so far very little information on the hydrogen direct reduction hdr process
Figure 2 steelmaking routes the bfbof route produces steel using raw materials such as iron ore coal limestone and steel scrap about 75 of steel is produced using the bfbof route first iron ores are reduced to iron also called hot metal or pig iron then the iron is converted to steel in the bof
The structural steel used for beams and pipes in the netherlands is now almost exclusively produced using the eaf route there is also a shift from production via the blast furnace to the electric arc furnace in other parts of europe as increasing amounts of scrap are returned to the steel industry so in europe bf and eaf currently have an equal share of the market and in china this stage is expected
Therefore there is not enough recycled steel available to meet growing steel demand steel is produced via two main routes the blast furnacebasic oxygen furnace bfbof route and the electric arc furnace eaf
Midrex 174 direct reduced iron cooling gas scrubber cooling gas compressor iron oxide natural gas is used as a reductant coke is not required pelletslump ore are reduced to produce dri without being melt in the shaft furnace dri is fed to eaf to produce steel as the iron oxide descends through the furnace the iron oxide is heated and reduced
I the 2 routes to steelmaking i blast furnace gt basic oxygen furnace bfbof ii electric arc furnace eaf i scrap ii scrap supplements i pig iron direct reduced iron dri ii rdampd needs for h2steelmaking i emerging routes ii existing routes bf or eaf outline
How steel is made steel is primarily produced using one of two methods blast furnace or electric arc furnace the blast furnace is the first step in producing steel from iron oxides the first blast furnaces appeared in the 14th century and produced one ton per day
Steel can be processed through refining casting rolling etc to produce the final steel products figure 12 drieaf process for steel production in addition to the bfbof and drieaf processes there also exist open hearth furnaces ohf and induction furnaces if ohfs makeup less than 2 of overall steel production and are considered an
Dri if and when some of the bf bof production shifts to eaf reflective of the longer term trends in steel production in mature economies dri production will be supported as steel consumption starts to recover us indias dri production will continue to grow primarily through the coal based dri production
Arc furnace route the bf plants are created for the production of huge amounts of steel 2the beginning of each igneous metallurgical process consists in the reduction of iron ore in the blast furnace cast iron is produced then it is converted into steel by blowing oxygen in the converter bof the electric arc furnace
Production of steel in electrical arc furnace eaf is growing worldwide also the supply and use of pig iron sponge iron dri and hbi in the eaf have been increasing during the last 5 years hot briquetted iron hbi is not a scrap substitute but rather a source of clean iron units that could be used to additive and boost the scrap charge
Per every 100 176c increase in the dri temperature with eaf feed mix 90 hot 10 cold dri saved about 26 kwhtls the taptotap time decreases about 5 and the productivity increases accordingly effect of the dri temperature c in the range 2025 on the eaf data from emirates steel
The electric arc furnace eaf process is the main process for recycling of ferrous scrap 1 and the second most important steelmaking process route in terms of global steel production 2 eaf
2 ultimate reduction in steelmaking process by innovative technology for cool earth cpf carbon price floor cps carbon price support dc direct current decc department of energy and climate change dri direct reduced iron drieaf direct reduced iron electric arc furnace eaf electric arc furnaces eef engineering employers federation
50 electric arc furnace steelmaking the use of the electric arc furnace for producing steel began early in the 20th century for many years production was limited to specialty steels supplying niche applications for industry in the united states and the world
Breakdown of oecd crude steel production by process bfbof vs eaf bfbof bfbof bfbof eaf eaf eaf source worldsteel laplace conseil analysis 52 48 71 29 social economic and political reasons explain the differences in minimill production share in nafta where competition is most intense and industrial policy not
Sep 29 2014nbsp018332the main coproducts from iron and crude steel production are slags dusts scrap and sludges dri rejects are recycled back in the process main waste material in the electric steel making is eaf electric arc furnace gcp dust slag scrap and waste refractories magnesia carbon waste refractories are used as slag conditioner in the eaf
Use of more than 30 dri in an eaf charge eventually increasing in stages up to 100 by 1972 1968 continuous feeding of dri to the eaf computerize process control system put into use 1969 use of foamy slag practices 1970 design of pellets for direct reduction first full scale testing and use of dri as a bfbof feed 1972 production of
Ironmaking and steelmaking energiron we are a global provider of ironmaking technology from iron ore processing up to dri production including the eaf feeding the perfect combination of proven and innovative expertise in a fully perfectly integrated process aiming to increase project value for our customers
Dri direct reduced iron eaf electric arc furnace eu european union steel production has been increasing steadily from 595 mty in 1970 to 1414 mty in 2010 world or electric arc furnace eaf producing liquid steel co 2abatement measures and technologies for bofs and eafs are covered in chapters 7 and 8 respectively recycling
Apr 30 2020nbsp018332after holding at approximately 25 percent of global steelmaking production for about a decade through 2012 the migration to electric arc furnace eaf steelmaking accelerated during the past seven years eaf steelmaking production hit a new
When paired with an eaf the existing longestablished midrex technology already results in lower co2 emissions than the bfbof route to steelmaking at 1112 kg co2 per kg of steel compared with 1620 kg co2 per kg of steel respectively midrex notes
Aug 06 2020nbsp018332dri route generally uses natural gas as reducing agent which reduces the carbon emission by about 50 as compared to bfbof route about 5 of the global steel production is done through dri route electric arc furnace eaf is a dominant technology used to produce recycled steel from scrap eaf are smaller and less expensive than bfbof
The production of steel in an eaf is a batch process cycles or quotheatsquot range from about 112 to 5 hours to produce carbon steel and from 5 to 10 hours or more to produce alloy steel scrap steel is charged to begin a cycle and alloying agents and slag materials are added for refining stages
